Motivating operations are conditions occurring before the behavior that make the reinforcement more or less valuable to the animal. Taking Sam for a long walk before our dinner served to temporarily decrease the value of his 
bumping of my mom’s leg (begging at the table behavior) while increasing the value of his laying down and resting.
Recognizing Fear, Anxiety And Stress In Dogs
Recently I shared my and my dog’s story of how I have supported my dog to have a full life
