Motivating operations are conditions occurring before the behavior that make the reinforcement more or less valuable to the animal. Taking Sam for a long walk before our dinner served to temporarily decrease the value of his 
bumping of my mom’s leg (begging at the table behavior) while increasing the value of his laying down and resting.
To Have A Better-Behaved Dog, Consider What Happens Between Your Training Sessions
Every waking moment of every day and every interaction your dog has with you and the environment is teaching your dog what works, what matters, and what associations to have.
